My torn data pages - SQL Server Licensing: Multiple Instances, Virtualization.

Today's question of the course (2780B), how do licensing options mix with multiple instances. The course points out the choices on installation;

• Per processor
• Per Server
• Device Client Access License
• User Client Access License

That's about it, but as always, MS-Licensing is more complicated than a single page in the text-book. If you want to know it all, there is an SQL Server licensing white-paper, covering;

• Virtualization / Multi-instances
• Multi-core processors
• Fail-over technologies (Cluster, Database Mirroring, Log Shipping)
• Multiplexing
• Separation of components over multiple servers.
• SQL vs Workgroup CAL's
• Special programs for ISV's and hosting providers
• Downgrading

For just Virtualization and Multi-instancing, read this section of the above white-paper. For more info on licenses and pricing, visit How to buy SQL Server. Keep in mind that pricing and licensing may vary based on your location.